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ABOUT THE EMI GROUP
The EMI Group (LSE: EMI)
is a British music company comprising the major record
company EMI Music which operates several labels, based in Kensington in London, England, United Kingdom, and EMI Music Publishing,
based in New York. EMI Music is one of the Big Four record companies, making it
among the largest in the world.
History
of the Company
The Electric and
Musical Industries Ltd formed in March 1931 from a
merger of the UK Columbia Graphophone Company and the Gramophone Company. From its beginning,
the company was involved in both the manufacture of recording and
playback equipment and the provision of music to play on its machines.
Entrée
to Music
Early in its life, the company
established subsidiary operations in a number of other countries in the British Commonwealth, including India, Australia and New Zealand. EMI's Australian and New Zealand
subsidiaries dominated the popular music industry in those countries
from the 1920s until the 1960s, when other locally-owned labels (such as Festival Records) began to
challenge EMI's market near monopoly in those regions.
In 1931, the year the company was formed, it opened the legendary
recording studios at Abbey Road, London. During the 1930s and 1940s, its
roster of artists included Arturo Toscanini, Sir Edward Elgar, and Otto Klemperer, among many others. During
this time EMI appointed its first A&R managers. These included George
Martin, who later brought The
Beatles into the EMI fold.
In 1957,
to replace the loss of its long-established licensing arrangements with RCA Victor and Columbia Records (Columbia USA cut its
ties with EMI in 1951), EMI entered the American market by acquiring
96% of the stock of Capitol Records. From 1960 to 1995 their
HQ, "EMI House" was at 20 Manchester Square. The stairwell is on
the cover of the Beatles "Please Please Me" album.
Its classical artists were largely limited to the prestigious British
orchestras, such as the Philharmonia Orchestra. During the
LP era very few U.S. orchestras had EMI as their principal recording
company; an exception was the Pittsburgh Symphony, particularly
during the years of William Steinberg's leadership, also Carmen
Dragon who conducted the Hollywood Bowl Symphony Orchestra.
Under the management of Sir Joseph Lockwood, during the late
1950s, 1960s and early 1970s the company enjoyed huge success in the popular
music field. The groups and solo artists signed to EMI and its
subsidiary labels -- including Parlophone, HMV and Columbia Graphophone and
Capitol Records -- made EMI the best-known and most successful
recording company in the world at that time, with a roster that
included scores of major pop acts of the period including The
Beatles, The Beach Boys, The
Hollies, Cilla Black and Pink
Floyd.
By 1967 EMI converted HMV to an exclusive classical music label, shifting
HMV's pop music roster to Columbia. In 1969, EMI
established a new subsidiary label, Harvest Records, which signed groups in
the emerging progressive rock genre, including Pink
Floyd.
Electric & Musical
Industries changed its name to EMI Ltd in 1971 and the
subsidiary Gramophone Company became EMI Records Ltd in 1973. In 1972, EMI
replaced the Columbia label with EMI
Records. In February 1979, EMI Ltd. acquired United Artists Records.
In October of 1979 THORN Electrical Industries merged with EMI Ltd. to form Thorn
EMI.
In 1989 Thorn
EMI bought a 50% interest in Chrysalis Records, buying the
outstanding 50% in 1991. In one of its highest-profile and most
expensive acquisitions, Thorn EMI took over Richard Branson's Virgin Records in 1992.
On August 16, 1996, Thorn EMI shareholders voted in favour of demerger
proposals. The resulting media company has since been known by the name EMI Group PLC.
Since the 1930s Shanghai's Baak Doi have been under British EMI[1].
For years EMI was the dominant player in the cantopop market in Hong Kong. In 2004-2006, EMI quit the c-pop market altogether. All Hong Kong pop artists in EMI were then presented
by Gold
Label.
On 2nd
April 2007,
EMI announced it would begin releasing its music in DRM-free formats. Intially they
are rolling out in superior sounding high-bitrate AAC format via
Apple's iTunes Store. The
tracks will cost $1.29/€1.29/£0.99. Legacy tracks with FairPlay DRM will still be available for $0.99/€0.99/£0.79 - albeit with
lower quality sound and DRM restrictions still in place. Users will be
able to ‘upgrade’ the EMI tracks that they have already bought for
$0.30/€0.30/£0.20. Albums are available at the same price as
their lower quality, DRM counterparts. Music videos from EMI will also
be DRM-free. The higher-quality, DRM-free files became available
worldwide on iTunes on May 30, 2007, and are expected to show up on
other music download services soon.
So far none of the other major
music labels have announced dropping DRM from their digital download
product line.
EMI and
Apple Records Legal Issues
On December
15, 2005, Apple Records, the record label representing The Beatles, launched a suit against EMI for
non-payment of royalties. The suit alleges that EMI have withheld $50
million from the record label. An EMI spokesman noted that audits of
record label accounts are not unusual, confirming at least two hundred
such audits have been performed, but that they rarely result in legal
action.
A legal settlement was announced on April 12, 2007. Terms were undisclosed.
EMI and
Warner Music Group
On May 5, 2006, EMI entered
preliminary talks to buy Warner Music Group, (NYSE : WMG), which
would reduce the world's four largest record companies (Big Four)
to three; however, according to Warner's site, its board has rejected
the proposal.
Warner Music Group launched a Pac-Man defense, offering to buy EMI. EMI
rejected the offer. Representatives from both sides are thought to be
still having meetings and deciding if one company will buy the other,
however the European Commission's decision to overturn a previous
decision allowing a similar merger between Sony and BMG is likely to
have raised issues as to the wisdom of pursuing such a move at this
time.
By most measures, a merged
company of EMI and WMG would be even bigger than Sony BMG. Concerns
regarding the creation of a monopoly may mean WMG will not receive
approval from the European Commission. However Impala, a
large independent, non-profit trade association of indie music labels,
has given the Warner Music its blessings to acquire EMI, the
third-largest music group. In return, it is suggested that
the newly merged company will take responsibility for:
List of
Artists Signed to EMI
Popular Music Artists
Pre-1960
1960s
1970s–Present
-
22-20s (Heavenly)
-
Airbourne
-
Air
Traffic (Tiny Consumer)
-
Alfie (Regal)
-
Lily
Allen (Regal/Parlophone/Capitol)
-
All-4-One
-
Amei (EMI Music Taiwan)
-
Leif Ove Andsnes
-
Keren
Ann
-
The
Arrows (RAK)
-
Richard Ashcroft (Hut/Virgin)
-
A Taste of Honey (Capitol)
-
Art Brut (Mute)
-
Athlete (Regal)
-
Auf der Maur
-
Australian Crawl
-
Melanie
B (Virgin) (dropped in 2001)
-
The Barracudas
-
Beastie
Boys (Parlophone / Capitol)
-
Bebe
-
Victoria Beckham (Virgin) (dropped in
2002)
-
The Be Be See (EMI Records)
-
Belinda (Capitol)
-
The
Beta Band (Regal)
-
King Biscuit Time (Regal)
-
Black
Dice (DFA Records)
-
Black Rebel Motorcycle Club (Virgin)
-
Black
Sabbath (I.R.S./EMI)
-
Blue (boy band) (Innocent/Virgin)
-
Blue
Mink (Regal Zonophone)
-
Blur (Food/Parlophone)
-
David
Bowie (Virgin)
-
Lisa
Brokop (Capitol, left in 1996)
-
Garth
Brooks (Capitol / Liberty / Parlophone)
-
Meredith Brooks (Capitol) (left in 1999)
-
James
Brown
-
Emma
Bunton (Virgin) (dropped in 2002)
-
Burning
Spear
-
Kate
Bush
-
Melanie
C (Virgin) (left in 2003)
-
John
Cale
-
Captain (EMI Records)
-
Mariah
Carey (Virgin) (2001-2002)
-
Kim
Carnes
-
Ruben Chacon (Capitol)
-
The Chemical Brothers (Virgin)
-
Chingy (Parlophone / Capitol)
-
Chumbawamba (EMI)
-
Joe
Cocker (Parlophone)
-
Coldplay (Parlophone)
-
Vodka
Collins
-
The Colour (Rethink)
-
The
Concretes (Astralwerks)
-
Elvis Costello
-
Graham
Coxon (Parlophone)
-
Crowded
House (Capitol)
-
Myriam Montemayor Cruz
-
Daft
Punk
-
The Dandy Warhols (Parlophone / Capitol)
-
David
Tao (EMI Music Taiwan)
-
The Decemberists (Capitol)
-
The
Departure (Parlophone)
-
Depeche
Mode (Mute)
-
Dirty
Vegas (Parlophone)
-
The Divine Comedy (Parlophone)
-
Doves (Heavenly)
-
Hilary
Duff (Hollywood)
-
The Duke Spirit (Heavenly)
-
Duran
Duran (Harvest/Capitol/EMI)
-
Sheena
Easton
-
Electric Light Orchestra (Harvest)
-
Empire (Parlaphone)
-
Enigma (Virgin)
-
Erasure (Mute)
-
Eternal (dropped in 2000)
-
Faith
Evans (Captiol)
-
Faker (Capitol)
-
Falco
-
Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan (Real World)
-
Kevin Federline
-
Fey (EMI-Televisa / Capitol)
-
Neil
Finn (Parlophone)
-
Fischerspooner
-
Foo
Fighters (Capitol, left in 1999)
-
Michael Franti and Spearhead (Parlophone)
-
J.
Geils Band
-
The Generators Orlando, Florida version
-
David
Gilmour (EMI/Columbia)
-
Gary
Glitter
-
Goldfrapp (Mute)
-
Diego Gonzalez
-
Gorillaz (Parlophone)
-
Edyta
Gorniak (since 1996, dropped in 2002, since then: Virgin, dropped
in 2004)
-
Grand Funk Railroad (Capitol)
-
Amy
Grant (EMI Christian Group, signed in 2007 after leaving
Warner/Word)
-
Adrian Gurvitz (RAK)
-
Geri Halliwell (Capitol, then later
Virgin/Innocent, Halliwell completed her 3 album contract in 2005)
-
Ed
Harcourt (Heavenly)
-
George Harrison (Parlophone)
-
Richard Hawley (Mute)
-
Heart (Capitol)
-
Hot Chip
-
Hot Chocolate (RAK)
-
Houston (singer) (Capitol)
-
Hurt
-
Idlewild (Parlophone, left in 2005)
-
Interpol (Capitol)/Parlophone (UK)
-
Iron
Maiden (EMI)
-
Janet
Jackson (Virgin, Completed contract and left in 2006)
-
Duncan
James (Innocent/Virgin)
-
Jane's Addiction (Parlophone / Capitol)
-
Matthew
Jay
-
Dr. John (Parlophone)
-
Norah
Jones (Parlophone)
-
Jolin
Tsai (Capitol Music Taiwan)
-
Junior
Senior
-
Junoon
-
Justin
Lo (Gold Label)
-
Laura Michelle Kelly (Angel)
-
Kary Ng (Gold Label)
-
The
Knack (Capitol)
-
Beverley Knight (Parlophone)
-
Jordan
Knight
-
Korn (Virgin)
-
Kraftwerk (EMI/Capitol)
-
Kudai (Capitol)
-
Cristy
Lane
-
Marit
Larsen
-
LCD Soundsystem
-
Leo Ku (Gold Label)
-
LeToya (Noontime/Capitol)
-
Alex
Lloyd (left in 2004)
-
Louise (left in December 2001)
-
Mae (Capitol)
-
The Magic Numbers (Heavenly)
-
Die
Mannequin
-
Marillion
-
Willy
Mason (Astralwerks)
-
Keiko
Matsui (Narada)
-
Jesse McCartney (Hollywood)
-
Paul McCartney (Parlophone / Capitol)
-
George Michael (Virgin)
-
Mina
-
Kylie
Minogue (Parlophone)
-
Mandy
Moore (The Firm Music)
-
Morrissey (His Master's Voice / Parlophone)
-
Mud (RAK)
-
The Music (Hut)
-
Nicholas
Teo (Virgin Music Chinese, Taiwan Branch)
-
Nine Times Bodyweight
-
Operator Please (Virgin)
-
Orbital (EMI, one album)
-
Beth
Orton (1996-2005 Heavenly, 2005-)
-
Otep (Capitol)
-
Pet
Shop Boys (Parlophone/EMI)
-
Maxi
Priest (Relentless)
-
Los Prisioneros
-
Suzi
Quatro (RAK)
-
Queen (Parlophone/Hollywood Records)
-
Queensrÿche (EMI)
-
Radar
-
Radiohead (Parlophone/Capitol) (Contract Finished as of 2003)
-
Corinne Bailey Rae
-
Raining Pleasure (Capitol/Blue Note)
-
RBD
-
Red Hot Chili Peppers (EMI)
-
Relient
K (Capitol/Gotee)
-
R.E.M. (I.R.S./EMI)
-
Kenny
Rogers (Liberty)
-
Roll
Deep (Relentless)
-
Robbie Williams (EMI/Chrysalis)
-
The Rolling Stones (Virgin)
-
Stanley
Huang (Virgin Music Chinese / Capitol Music Taiwan)
-
Stephy
Tang (Gold Label)
-
Sigur
Rós
-
Roxette
-
Röyksopp
-
Ruslana
-
Lee Ryan (Virgin)
-
Jay Sean (Relentless)
-
Bob
Seger (Capitol)
-
Selena (Capitol)
-
The Sex Pistols (September 1976 - December
1976) (Virgin/EMI)
-
Shazza
-
S.H.E. (EMI Music China)
-
Show Luo (Capitol Music Taiwan)
-
The Sleepy Jackson (Capitol)
-
The Smashing Pumpkins (Caroline/Virgin/Hut, finished contract obligations in 2001 with their Rotten Apples release, signed with Reprise Records in 2007)
-
The Sonic Hearts
-
Sparklehorse (Parlophone)
-
Spice
Girls (Virgin)
-
Starsailor
-
Stefanie
Sun (Capitol Music Taiwan)
-
Steriogram
-
Joss
Stone (Relentless)
-
Supergrass (Parlophone)
-
Talk
Talk (Parlophone)
-
Tamta
-
The
Tea Party
-
Telepopmusik
-
Thalía (Virgin)
-
This World Fair (Rethink)
-
Trina
-
Troy Ave. (EMI/Capital)
-
Richard Thompson (Capitol)
-
KT
Tunstall (Relentless)
-
Grzegorz Turnau (Zaiks/BIEM) (Poland)
-
Legião Urbana
-
Hikaru
Utada
-
Van Hunt
-
The
Verve (Virgin)
-
The
Vines
-
Simon
Webbe (Innocent/Virgin)
-
The White Stripes
-
Matt
White
-
Robbie Williams (Chrysalis/EMI)
-
Wizzard (Harvest)
-
Faye
Wong
-
Roy Wood (Harvest)
-
Xx Teens (Mute)
-
Bertine Zetlitz
-
Toys
-
Grand Avenue
-
Toxic Kompulsion
Heavy-Metal Bands on EMI
in the 1980s:
Classical Music Artists
Classical musicians exclusively
or mainly associated with EMI (on EMI
Classics, Angel, HMV and/or Columbia labels)
List of
EMI Labels
EMI Label Groups
Angel Music Group
Capitol Music Group
Caroline Distribution
EMI Christian Music Group
EMI’s Standalone Labels
EMI
Music Publishing
As well as the well-known record
label the group also holds EMI Music Publishing, which is the largest music publisher in the
world. As is often the case in the music industry, the publishing arm
and record label are very separate businesses. |